religious painting distributes its values across the middle register, creating harmony without high contrast. Heat pervades this palette; warm chromatic identities outweigh cool ones at almost every weight. The absence of saturated colour is itself an expressive choice: this is a palette of restraint and atmosphere. #E0D5C0 delivers the chromatic peak at only 4.5% - a small shot of colour with outsized visual impact. From deepest dark to palest light, the palette traverses 57 units of the value scale - a span that creates natural depth.