religious painting keeps values measured and balanced, a hallmark of tonal restraint. The dominant temperature is warm, with earth tones and fire-hues setting the emotional key. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. The saturated accent, #B26D4F, registers at 4.5% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. The value range spans 57 units across the palette, providing the full gamut from deep shadow to near-white and ensuring clear tonal hierarchy.