religious painting occupies the comfortable middle of the value scale, avoiding both extremes to hold the eye in a sustained middle grey. Temperature reads distinctly warm: the reds and earth tones carry the compositional weight. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. A single dominant - #24211F at 33.5% - sets the character of the whole composition. #5A3429 functions as the palette's exclamation mark: highest chroma, lowest percentage (5.3%). Spanning 53 units on the value axis, the palette achieves the balance between tonal flatness and fragmentation.