The value structure of Northern Renaissance is mid-key: quiet, controlled, and cohesive. Warmth dominates - the palette leans heavily on the yellow-orange-red arc of the colour wheel. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. A single dominant - #211A19 at 27.2% - sets the character of the whole composition. The most saturated colour, #A88251, is reserved to 7.9% of the surface, where it acts as a focal punctuation. A value spread of 67 units gives the palette both depth and air - shadows are genuinely dark, lights genuinely light.