Northern Renaissance works in the upper reaches of the value scale, creating an atmosphere of brightness and expansiveness. Built on cool foundations: the palette favours the blue-cyan-green arc. Every colour is desaturated; the palette proceeds through near-neutrals and gently-coloured greys. #F1C481 functions as the palette's exclamation mark: highest chroma, lowest percentage (3.6%). The full value range is 57 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form. The mid-to-high key, cool bias, and moderate chroma point to outdoor observation - sky and diffused daylight as the dominant light source.