battle painting distributes its values across the middle register, creating harmony without high contrast. A distinctly cool atmosphere runs through this palette: sky, water, and mist given colour form. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. #B78363 functions as the palette's exclamation mark: highest chroma, lowest percentage (4.3%). Spanning 49 units on the value axis, the palette achieves the balance between tonal flatness and fragmentation. High luminosity and cool temperature suggest the plein-air condition: unfiltered daylight and open sky.