Tenebrism keeps values measured and balanced, a hallmark of tonal restraint. The dominant temperature is warm, with earth tones and fire-hues setting the emotional key. All colours lean toward grey, building depth through value rather than colour punch. #221F20 at 38.1% of the palette: an overwhelming presence that pulls all other colours into its gravitational field. #DB9F6F functions as the palette's exclamation mark: highest chroma, lowest percentage (1.9%). 63 units of value range underpin the palette's structural clarity: the eye always knows where light falls.