Low-key values are the structural spine of Tenebrism, giving it gravity and atmosphere. Yellow, ochre, sienna: warm hues deployed as the palette's primary energy. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. #16120E claims 36.0% of the surface, functioning as the work's tonal foundation. The saturated accent, #602D12, registers at 6.1% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. A value spread of 55 units gives the palette both depth and air - shadows are genuinely dark, lights genuinely light. Together these qualities place the palette firmly in the tonal tradition - concerned with mood and atmosphere rather than chromatic display.