Values in Ivan Aivazovsky tilt decisively toward white, giving the palette its luminous character. Cool tones set the register here - the blues and greens easily outweigh any warm accents. Every colour is desaturated; the palette proceeds through near-neutrals and gently-coloured greys. #8B7259 at 9.7% is both the most chromatic and one of the largest colours in the palette - chroma as mass rather than as highlight. A value spread of 55 units gives the palette both depth and air - shadows are genuinely dark, lights genuinely light. The mid-to-high key, cool bias, and moderate chroma point to outdoor observation - sky and diffused daylight as the dominant light source. In the context of Ivan Aivazovsky's full range of palettes, group 11 represents one movement in an ongoing chromatic dialogue.