flower painting occupies the comfortable middle of the value scale, avoiding both extremes to hold the eye in a sustained middle grey. Neither warm nor cool has the upper hand here; the equilibrium between the two generates the palette's visual energy. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. The saturated accent, #794639, registers at 8.6% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. From deepest dark to palest light, the palette traverses 57 units of the value scale - a span that creates natural depth.