Values in portrait rest in the mid-range - neither dramatically lit nor steeped in shadow. The dominant temperature is warm, with earth tones and fire-hues setting the emotional key. Muted throughout, the palette achieves its effects through value and temperature rather than chromatic force. The most saturated colour, #8B5237, is reserved to 3.7% of the surface, where it acts as a focal punctuation. The full value range is 63 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form.