portrait occupies the comfortable middle of the value scale, avoiding both extremes to hold the eye in a sustained middle grey. The artist keeps warm and cool in parity, a balance that lends the work a perceptual shimmer. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. Only 6.8% is devoted to #402A21, yet that small allocation delivers the palette's entire chromatic tension. 70 units of value range underpin the palette's structural clarity: the eye always knows where light falls.