Cubism sits in the centre of the value range, lending the palette a sense of even, sustained light. Warm and cool are kept in productive tension, creating the kind of chromatic harmony that sustains the eye. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. The highest-chroma note - #A67B33 - appears at just 6.0%, deployed as a precision accent against the quieter ground. The palette spans 51 value units: a measured range that delivers coherence over drama.