Cubism sits in the centre of the value range, lending the palette a sense of even, sustained light. Temperature is cool-dominant, with blue and green families claiming the largest areas. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. The saturated accent, #C39E44, registers at 2.9% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. The full value range is 63 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form. The palette has the character of outdoor light: cool, mid-bright, with colour rendered faithfully rather than expressively.