The value structure of Bernardino Luini is mid-key: quiet, controlled, and cohesive. Warmth dominates - the palette of Bernardino Luini leans heavily on the yellow-orange-red arc of the colour wheel. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. #E0BF7C delivers the chromatic peak at only 2.7% - a small shot of colour with outsized visual impact. At 58 units of value range, the palette has the tonal breadth to sustain complex spatial readings. The palette is a signature: Bernardino Luini's particular sense of value, warmth, and colour weight made legible.