Values in Mannerism rest in the mid-range - neither dramatically lit nor steeped in shadow. Heat pervades this palette; warm chromatic identities outweigh cool ones at almost every weight. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. The most saturated colour, #F6E9C9, is reserved to 4.4% of the surface, where it acts as a focal punctuation. The full value range is 66 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form.