The value structure of Carolus-Duran is mid-key: quiet, controlled, and cohesive. The dominant temperature is warm, with earth tones and fire-hues setting the emotional key. Chroma is moderate: colours carry enough saturation to be read as colour, but the palette stops well short of garish intensity. The highest-chroma note - #E9DCB0 - appears at just 1.8%, deployed as a precision accent against the quieter ground. The value range spans 70 units across the palette, providing the full gamut from deep shadow to near-white and ensuring clear tonal hierarchy. Palette 7 sits within the larger chromatic argument that Carolus-Duran's complete body of work advances.