Values in Willem van de Velde the Younger rest in the mid-range - neither dramatically lit nor steeped in shadow. Blues and teal-greys govern the palette, lending it an aquatic or atmospheric quality. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. Only 5.6% is devoted to #A78D6A, yet that small allocation delivers the palette's entire chromatic tension. The full value range is 64 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form. The mid-to-high key, cool bias, and moderate chroma point to outdoor observation - sky and diffused daylight as the dominant light source. Taken together, these qualities constitute Willem van de Velde the Younger's chromatic voice - distinctive enough to be read across an entire body of work.