Mid-key values give Valentin Serov its characteristic quietness - nothing blazes, nothing disappears. Neither warm nor cool has the upper hand here; the equilibrium between the two generates the palette's visual energy. Every colour is desaturated; the palette proceeds through near-neutrals and gently-coloured greys. #292121 at 28.3% of the palette: an overwhelming presence that pulls all other colours into its gravitational field. #C6B995 functions as the palette's exclamation mark: highest chroma, lowest percentage (7.2%). The value range spans 59 units across the palette, providing the full gamut from deep shadow to near-white and ensuring clear tonal hierarchy. This is the light Valentin Serov preferred, made measurable.