J.M.W. Turner sits in the centre of the value range, lending the palette a sense of even, sustained light. Temperature is cool-dominant, with blue and green families claiming the largest areas. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. The most saturated colour, #B2763E, is reserved to 4.7% of the surface, where it acts as a focal punctuation. From deepest dark to palest light, the palette traverses 56 units of the value scale - a span that creates natural depth. The mid-to-high key, cool bias, and moderate chroma point to outdoor observation - sky and diffused daylight as the dominant light source. This is the light J.M.W. Turner preferred, made measurable.