J.M.W. Turner is strongly light-biased - shadow is suggested rather than declared. A distinctly cool atmosphere runs through this palette: sky, water, and mist given colour form. Every colour is desaturated; the palette proceeds through near-neutrals and gently-coloured greys. The highest-chroma note - #AC8D5E - appears at just 10.3%, deployed as a precision accent against the quieter ground. A value spread of 65 units gives the palette both depth and air - shadows are genuinely dark, lights genuinely light. High luminosity and cool temperature suggest the plein-air condition: unfiltered daylight and open sky. In the context of J.M.W. Turner's full range of palettes, group 4 represents one movement in an ongoing chromatic dialogue.