Biedermeier works almost entirely in the lower half of the value scale, privileging depth over brilliance. Cool hues prevail: blues, greens, and greys anchor the palette's emotional temperature. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. The saturated accent, #3A2619, registers at 11.2% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. The value range spans 59 units across the palette, providing the full gamut from deep shadow to near-white and ensuring clear tonal hierarchy. The combination of low values, muted chroma, and compressed range is the signature of the Tonalist mode - painting as atmosphere.