The value structure of Biedermeier is mid-key: quiet, controlled, and cohesive. The palette orchestrates warmth above all else - reds, ambers, and siennas take the lead. Muted throughout, the palette achieves its effects through value and temperature rather than chromatic force. The most saturated colour, #AC7944, is reserved to 4.8% of the surface, where it acts as a focal punctuation. The full value range is 55 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form.