Values in animal painting rest in the mid-range - neither dramatically lit nor steeped in shadow. The palette balances warm and cool with remarkable evenness, giving the composition its characteristic vibrancy. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. At 9.6%, #2A2019 carries the palette's sharpest chromatic charge: an accent that earns its place precisely because it is withheld. 53 units of value spread create a palette that is varied but unified - contrast in the service of harmony.