The value structure of William Collins is mid-key: quiet, controlled, and cohesive. A distinctly cool atmosphere runs through this palette: sky, water, and mist given colour form. The absence of saturated colour is itself an expressive choice: this is a palette of restraint and atmosphere. The most saturated colour, #71562B, is reserved to 11.9% of the surface, where it acts as a focal punctuation. A value spread of 59 units gives the palette both depth and air - shadows are genuinely dark, lights genuinely light. High luminosity and cool temperature suggest the plein-air condition: unfiltered daylight and open sky. The palette is a signature: William Collins's particular sense of value, warmth, and colour weight made legible.