wildlife painting sits in the centre of the value range, lending the palette a sense of even, sustained light. Cool tones set the register here - the blues and greens easily outweigh any warm accents. The absence of saturated colour is itself an expressive choice: this is a palette of restraint and atmosphere. #131519 at 29.5% of the palette: an overwhelming presence that pulls all other colours into its gravitational field. The saturated accent, #405080, registers at 2.7% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. The full value range is 61 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form. High luminosity and cool temperature suggest the plein-air condition: unfiltered daylight and open sky.