Values in still life rest in the mid-range - neither dramatically lit nor steeped in shadow. The palette achieves thermal balance - reds and blues, ochres and greens, each holding the other in check. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. #BD944A functions as the palette's exclamation mark: highest chroma, lowest percentage (4.0%). 56 units of value range underpin the palette's structural clarity: the eye always knows where light falls.