Luis de Madrazo y Kuntz keeps values measured and balanced, a hallmark of tonal restraint. Yellow, ochre, sienna: warm hues that Luis de Madrazo y Kuntz deploys as the palette's primary energy. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. The saturated accent, #FDFBF5, registers at 2.0% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. 76 units of value range underpin the palette's structural clarity: the eye always knows where light falls. This is the light Luis de Madrazo y Kuntz preferred, made measurable.