veduta sits in the centre of the value range, lending the palette a sense of even, sustained light. Temperature reads distinctly warm: the reds and earth tones carry the compositional weight. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. The saturated accent, #B79770, registers at 4.1% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. The full value range is 67 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form.