Values in Melchior d'Hondecoeter rest in the mid-range - neither dramatically lit nor steeped in shadow. Neither warm nor cool has the upper hand here; the equilibrium between the two generates the palette's visual energy. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. #916F2D functions as the palette's exclamation mark: highest chroma, lowest percentage (4.7%). A value spread of 58 units gives the palette both depth and air - shadows are genuinely dark, lights genuinely light. Melchior d'Hondecoeter arrived at this balance through long practice; the palette carries the weight of that experience.