The value structure of John Duncan is mid-key: quiet, controlled, and cohesive. Yellow, ochre, sienna: warm hues that John Duncan deploys as the palette's primary energy. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. Only 8.9% is devoted to #4B2B21, yet that small allocation delivers the palette's entire chromatic tension. The value range of 50 units sits in the comfortable middle: enough depth, enough light, neither extreme. Palette 8 sits within the larger chromatic argument that John Duncan's complete body of work advances.