The value structure of Giovanni Costa is mid-key: quiet, controlled, and cohesive. Temperature is cool-dominant, with blue and green families claiming the largest areas. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. The most saturated colour, #BD996B, is reserved to 9.7% of the surface, where it acts as a focal punctuation. The full value range is 68 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form. The palette has the character of outdoor light: cool, mid-bright, with colour rendered faithfully rather than expressively. Palette 4 sits within the larger chromatic argument that Giovanni Costa's complete body of work advances.