Values in Carlo Fornara rest in the mid-range - neither dramatically lit nor steeped in shadow. The palette achieves thermal balance - reds and blues, ochres and greens, each holding the other in check. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. Only 7.2% is devoted to #523418, yet that small allocation delivers the palette's entire chromatic tension. At 69 units of value range, the palette has the tonal breadth to sustain complex spatial readings. In the context of Carlo Fornara's full range of palettes, group 1 represents one movement in an ongoing chromatic dialogue.