Values in Piet Mondrian rest in the mid-range - neither dramatically lit nor steeped in shadow. The dominant temperature is warm, with earth tones and fire-hues setting the emotional key. All colours lean toward grey, building depth through value rather than colour punch. #A85B31 delivers the chromatic peak at only 4.2% - a small shot of colour with outsized visual impact. At 63 units of value range, the palette has the tonal breadth to sustain complex spatial readings. This is palette 9 of Piet Mondrian's sequence - a single chapter in a chromatic story told across many works.