Naïve Art is low-key throughout, a quality associated with Tenebrous Cinder - deep shadows dominate the composition. A distinctly cool atmosphere runs through this palette: sky, water, and mist given colour form. Chroma hovers near zero; colour declares itself through subtle shifts in hue rather than outright saturation. The palette gives 34.9% of the composition to a single #0E1011 - a decisive chromatic anchor. #B09761 functions as the palette's exclamation mark: highest chroma, lowest percentage (2.8%). The full value range is 60 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form. The combination of low values, muted chroma, and compressed range is the signature of the Tonalist mode - painting as atmosphere.