Klaes Molenaer sits in the centre of the value range, lending the palette a sense of even, sustained light. Warm and cool tones are held in careful balance - neither family dominates, creating tension and resolution simultaneously. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. At 6.5%, #86673A carries the palette's sharpest chromatic charge: an accent that earns its place precisely because it is withheld. The full value range is 66 units: broad enough to build convincing three-dimensional form. This is palette 1 of Klaes Molenaer's sequence - a single chapter in a chromatic story told across many works.