Jan Lievens occupies the comfortable middle of the value scale, avoiding both extremes to hold the eye in a sustained middle grey. Warmth dominates - the palette of Jan Lievens leans heavily on the yellow-orange-red arc of the colour wheel. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. The most saturated colour, #542D19, is reserved to 5.4% of the surface, where it acts as a focal punctuation. From deepest dark to palest light, the palette traverses 71 units of the value scale - a span that creates natural depth. Jan Lievens arrived at this balance through long practice; the palette carries the weight of that experience.