Fra Paolino da Pistoia sits in the centre of the value range, lending the palette a sense of even, sustained light. Neither warm nor cool has the upper hand here; the equilibrium between the two generates the palette's visual energy. All colours lean toward grey, building depth through value rather than colour punch. #C18752 functions as the palette's exclamation mark: highest chroma, lowest percentage (8.1%). 79 units of value range underpin the palette's structural clarity: the eye always knows where light falls. In the context of Fra Paolino da Pistoia's full range of palettes, group 1 represents one movement in an ongoing chromatic dialogue.