Persian orange (#D99058) and Rich black (#010203) appear together across 6 master palettes in our corpus, most prominently in the work of Andrea Solario, Fede Galizia, and Pompeo Batoni and the Mannerism (Late Renaissance) tradition. Painters typically deployed persian orange at an average of 34% of the canvas, with rich black at 6%. Third colors most often completing the combination include Deep champagne (#FAD6A5), Bistre (#3D2B1F), and Khaki (#C3B091).