Charles Laval keeps values measured and balanced, a hallmark of tonal restraint. Warmth dominates - the palette of Charles Laval leans heavily on the yellow-orange-red arc of the colour wheel. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. #090808 at 27.4% of the palette: an overwhelming presence that pulls all other colours into its gravitational field. The most saturated colour, #864F18, is reserved to 8.6% of the surface, where it acts as a focal punctuation. At 64 units of value range, the palette has the tonal breadth to sustain complex spatial readings. In the context of Charles Laval's full range of palettes, group 4 represents one movement in an ongoing chromatic dialogue.