The value structure of abstract is mid-key: quiet, controlled, and cohesive. The dominant temperature is warm, with earth tones and fire-hues setting the emotional key. Chroma is kept low across all colours, producing the soft, enveloping quality that characterises tonal painting. The dominant colour, #C3BAB0, takes 40.6% of the total area, establishing the overall mood before any other hue is introduced. The saturated accent, #BDA34B, registers at 3.3% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. At 55 units of value range, the palette has the tonal breadth to sustain complex spatial readings.