Low-key values are the structural spine of Costumbrismo, giving it gravity and atmosphere. Heat pervades this palette; warm chromatic identities outweigh cool ones at almost every weight. Saturation is deliberately withheld - the beauty here lies in the near-monochromatic gradations rather than colour difference. The saturated accent, #6C4D2C, registers at 4.3% - sparse enough to feel like a deliberate surprise. At 62 units of value range, the palette has the tonal breadth to sustain complex spatial readings. This tonal restraint is characteristic of the Tonalist sensibility: colour serves light, not the reverse.